[1049] | 1 | /* fitblk.c: example of fitting compressed output to a specified size
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| 2 | Not copyrighted -- provided to the public domain
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| 3 | Version 1.1 25 November 2004 Mark Adler */
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| 4 |
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| 5 | /* Version history:
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| 6 | 1.0 24 Nov 2004 First version
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| 7 | 1.1 25 Nov 2004 Change deflateInit2() to deflateInit()
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| 8 | Use fixed-size, stack-allocated raw buffers
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| 9 | Simplify code moving compression to subroutines
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| 10 | Use assert() for internal errors
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| 11 | Add detailed description of approach
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| 12 | */
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| 13 |
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| 14 | /* Approach to just fitting a requested compressed size:
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| 15 |
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| 16 | fitblk performs three compression passes on a portion of the input
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| 17 | data in order to determine how much of that input will compress to
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| 18 | nearly the requested output block size. The first pass generates
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| 19 | enough deflate blocks to produce output to fill the requested
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| 20 | output size plus a specfied excess amount (see the EXCESS define
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| 21 | below). The last deflate block may go quite a bit past that, but
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| 22 | is discarded. The second pass decompresses and recompresses just
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| 23 | the compressed data that fit in the requested plus excess sized
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| 24 | buffer. The deflate process is terminated after that amount of
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| 25 | input, which is less than the amount consumed on the first pass.
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| 26 | The last deflate block of the result will be of a comparable size
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| 27 | to the final product, so that the header for that deflate block and
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| 28 | the compression ratio for that block will be about the same as in
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| 29 | the final product. The third compression pass decompresses the
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| 30 | result of the second step, but only the compressed data up to the
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| 31 | requested size minus an amount to allow the compressed stream to
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| 32 | complete (see the MARGIN define below). That will result in a
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| 33 | final compressed stream whose length is less than or equal to the
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| 34 | requested size. Assuming sufficient input and a requested size
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| 35 | greater than a few hundred bytes, the shortfall will typically be
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| 36 | less than ten bytes.
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| 37 |
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| 38 | If the input is short enough that the first compression completes
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| 39 | before filling the requested output size, then that compressed
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| 40 | stream is return with no recompression.
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| 41 |
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| 42 | EXCESS is chosen to be just greater than the shortfall seen in a
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| 43 | two pass approach similar to the above. That shortfall is due to
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| 44 | the last deflate block compressing more efficiently with a smaller
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| 45 | header on the second pass. EXCESS is set to be large enough so
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| 46 | that there is enough uncompressed data for the second pass to fill
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| 47 | out the requested size, and small enough so that the final deflate
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| 48 | block of the second pass will be close in size to the final deflate
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| 49 | block of the third and final pass. MARGIN is chosen to be just
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| 50 | large enough to assure that the final compression has enough room
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| 51 | to complete in all cases.
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| 52 | */
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| 53 |
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| 54 | #include <stdio.h>
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| 55 | #include <stdlib.h>
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| 56 | #include <assert.h>
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| 57 | #include "zlib.h"
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| 58 |
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| 59 | #define local static
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| 60 |
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| 61 | /* print nastygram and leave */
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| 62 | local void quit(char *why)
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| 63 | {
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| 64 | fprintf(stderr, "fitblk abort: %s\n", why);
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| 65 | exit(1);
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| 66 | }
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| 67 |
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| 68 | #define RAWLEN 4096 /* intermediate uncompressed buffer size */
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| 69 |
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| 70 | /* compress from file to def until provided buffer is full or end of
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| 71 | input reached; return last deflate() return value, or Z_ERRNO if
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| 72 | there was read error on the file */
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| 73 | local int partcompress(FILE *in, z_streamp def)
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| 74 | {
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| 75 | int ret, flush;
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| 76 | unsigned char raw[RAWLEN];
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| 77 |
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| 78 | flush = Z_NO_FLUSH;
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| 79 | do {
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| 80 | def->avail_in = fread(raw, 1, RAWLEN, in);
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| 81 | if (ferror(in))
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| 82 | return Z_ERRNO;
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| 83 | def->next_in = raw;
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| 84 | if (feof(in))
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| 85 | flush = Z_FINISH;
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| 86 | ret = deflate(def, flush);
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| 87 | assert(ret != Z_STREAM_ERROR);
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| 88 | } while (def->avail_out != 0 && flush == Z_NO_FLUSH);
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| 89 | return ret;
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| 90 | }
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| 91 |
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| 92 | /* recompress from inf's input to def's output; the input for inf and
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| 93 | the output for def are set in those structures before calling;
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| 94 | return last deflate() return value, or Z_MEM_ERROR if inflate()
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| 95 | was not able to allocate enough memory when it needed to */
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| 96 | local int recompress(z_streamp inf, z_streamp def)
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| 97 | {
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| 98 | int ret, flush;
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| 99 | unsigned char raw[RAWLEN];
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| 100 |
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| 101 | flush = Z_NO_FLUSH;
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| 102 | do {
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| 103 | /* decompress */
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| 104 | inf->avail_out = RAWLEN;
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| 105 | inf->next_out = raw;
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| 106 | ret = inflate(inf, Z_NO_FLUSH);
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| 107 | assert(ret != Z_STREAM_ERROR && ret != Z_DATA_ERROR &&
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| 108 | ret != Z_NEED_DICT);
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| 109 | if (ret == Z_MEM_ERROR)
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| 110 | return ret;
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| 111 |
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| 112 | /* compress what was decompresed until done or no room */
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| 113 | def->avail_in = RAWLEN - inf->avail_out;
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| 114 | def->next_in = raw;
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| 115 | if (inf->avail_out != 0)
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| 116 | flush = Z_FINISH;
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| 117 | ret = deflate(def, flush);
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| 118 | assert(ret != Z_STREAM_ERROR);
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| 119 | } while (ret != Z_STREAM_END && def->avail_out != 0);
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| 120 | return ret;
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| 121 | }
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| 122 |
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| 123 | #define EXCESS 256 /* empirically determined stream overage */
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| 124 | #define MARGIN 8 /* amount to back off for completion */
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| 125 |
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| 126 | /* compress from stdin to fixed-size block on stdout */
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| 127 | int main(int argc, char **argv)
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| 128 | {
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| 129 | int ret; /* return code */
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| 130 | unsigned size; /* requested fixed output block size */
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| 131 | unsigned have; /* bytes written by deflate() call */
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| 132 | unsigned char *blk; /* intermediate and final stream */
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| 133 | unsigned char *tmp; /* close to desired size stream */
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| 134 | z_stream def, inf; /* zlib deflate and inflate states */
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| 135 |
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| 136 | /* get requested output size */
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| 137 | if (argc != 2)
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| 138 | quit("need one argument: size of output block");
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| 139 | ret = strtol(argv[1], argv + 1, 10);
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| 140 | if (argv[1][0] != 0)
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| 141 | quit("argument must be a number");
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| 142 | if (ret < 8) /* 8 is minimum zlib stream size */
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| 143 | quit("need positive size of 8 or greater");
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| 144 | size = (unsigned)ret;
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| 145 |
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| 146 | /* allocate memory for buffers and compression engine */
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| 147 | blk = malloc(size + EXCESS);
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| 148 | def.zalloc = Z_NULL;
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| 149 | def.zfree = Z_NULL;
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| 150 | def.opaque = Z_NULL;
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| 151 | ret = deflateInit(&def, Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION);
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| 152 | if (ret != Z_OK || blk == NULL)
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| 153 | quit("out of memory");
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| 154 |
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| 155 | /* compress from stdin until output full, or no more input */
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| 156 | def.avail_out = size + EXCESS;
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| 157 | def.next_out = blk;
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| 158 | ret = partcompress(stdin, &def);
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| 159 | if (ret == Z_ERRNO)
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| 160 | quit("error reading input");
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| 161 |
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| 162 | /* if it all fit, then size was undersubscribed -- done! */
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| 163 | if (ret == Z_STREAM_END && def.avail_out >= EXCESS) {
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| 164 | /* write block to stdout */
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| 165 | have = size + EXCESS - def.avail_out;
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| 166 | if (fwrite(blk, 1, have, stdout) != have || ferror(stdout))
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| 167 | quit("error writing output");
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| 168 |
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| 169 | /* clean up and print results to stderr */
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| 170 | ret = deflateEnd(&def);
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| 171 | assert(ret != Z_STREAM_ERROR);
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| 172 | free(blk);
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| 173 | fprintf(stderr,
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| 174 | "%u bytes unused out of %u requested (all input)\n",
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| 175 | size - have, size);
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| 176 | return 0;
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| 177 | }
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| 178 |
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| 179 | /* it didn't all fit -- set up for recompression */
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| 180 | inf.zalloc = Z_NULL;
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| 181 | inf.zfree = Z_NULL;
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| 182 | inf.opaque = Z_NULL;
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| 183 | inf.avail_in = 0;
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| 184 | inf.next_in = Z_NULL;
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| 185 | ret = inflateInit(&inf);
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| 186 | tmp = malloc(size + EXCESS);
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| 187 | if (ret != Z_OK || tmp == NULL)
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| 188 | quit("out of memory");
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| 189 | ret = deflateReset(&def);
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| 190 | assert(ret != Z_STREAM_ERROR);
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| 191 |
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| 192 | /* do first recompression close to the right amount */
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| 193 | inf.avail_in = size + EXCESS;
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| 194 | inf.next_in = blk;
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| 195 | def.avail_out = size + EXCESS;
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| 196 | def.next_out = tmp;
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| 197 | ret = recompress(&inf, &def);
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| 198 | if (ret == Z_MEM_ERROR)
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| 199 | quit("out of memory");
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| 200 |
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| 201 | /* set up for next reocmpression */
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| 202 | ret = inflateReset(&inf);
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| 203 | assert(ret != Z_STREAM_ERROR);
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| 204 | ret = deflateReset(&def);
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| 205 | assert(ret != Z_STREAM_ERROR);
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| 206 |
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| 207 | /* do second and final recompression (third compression) */
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| 208 | inf.avail_in = size - MARGIN; /* assure stream will complete */
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| 209 | inf.next_in = tmp;
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| 210 | def.avail_out = size;
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| 211 | def.next_out = blk;
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| 212 | ret = recompress(&inf, &def);
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| 213 | if (ret == Z_MEM_ERROR)
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| 214 | quit("out of memory");
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| 215 | assert(ret == Z_STREAM_END); /* otherwise MARGIN too small */
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| 216 |
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| 217 | /* done -- write block to stdout */
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| 218 | have = size - def.avail_out;
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| 219 | if (fwrite(blk, 1, have, stdout) != have || ferror(stdout))
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| 220 | quit("error writing output");
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| 221 |
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| 222 | /* clean up and print results to stderr */
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| 223 | free(tmp);
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| 224 | ret = inflateEnd(&inf);
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| 225 | assert(ret != Z_STREAM_ERROR);
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| 226 | ret = deflateEnd(&def);
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| 227 | assert(ret != Z_STREAM_ERROR);
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| 228 | free(blk);
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| 229 | fprintf(stderr,
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| 230 | "%u bytes unused out of %u requested (%lu input)\n",
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| 231 | size - have, size, def.total_in);
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| 232 | return 0;
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| 233 | }
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